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Israel wins kudos for aid in wake of Africa bombings
GIL SEDAN
Jewish Telegraphic Agency
American and Kenyan authorities this week credited Israeli search teams with bringing order to chaotic rescue efforts at the site of the U.S. Embassy bombing in Nairobi, Kenya.
The Israeli teams located several survivors of the blast. Meanwhile, Israel and the United States are sharing intelligence to help find the perpetrators of both the Nairobi attack and a near-simultaneous explosion Aug. 3 outside the U.S. Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu offered to have his country's intelligence agencies help track down those responsible for the bombings of the U.S. embassies. Initial signs indicated the bombings were due to "international terrorism centered on Islamic fundamentalism," he said.
Israeli investigators at the site of the embassy bombing in Kenya suspect that Semtex was used in the blast. If the powerful explosive was indeed used, it could provide an important clue regarding who was responsible for the attack.
Besides boosting Israel's international standing at a time when it is under criticism for its stands in the long-stalled Mideast peace negotiations (see analysis on page 9), the effort in Kenya has helped add to the Israeli rescue unit's global reputation.
The military unit that came to the rescue at the site of the bombed U.S. Embassy in Kenya traces its origins to a 1982 tragedy in Lebanon. On the morning of Nov. 11, 1982, a giant blast rocked the southern Lebanese town of Tyre. The blast decimated a seven-story building that had served as the Israel Defense Force command there, turning it into a 25-foot pile of ruins that buried some 127 Israeli security personnel and 33 Arab detainees.
After intensive rescue efforts, the final death toll reached 89, 76 of them Israelis.
"We came there as individuals, civil defense soldiers who happened to be in the vicinity," reserve Col. Gavriel Rappaport recalled this week. Although no efforts were spared to find survivors, rescue work at the time lacked planning and organization. As a result, Rappaport was ordered by then-Chief of Staff Rafael Eitan to set up a new body, the IDF's Rescue Unit.
"I interviewed 1,500 soldiers, and eventually selected 300 who became the skeleton of the new unit," Rappaport told JTA. They included regular soldiers as well as reserve soldiers with engineering and technical backgrounds.
"The first criterion was motivation," then professional capabilities, said Rappaport.
A year after the Tyre tragedy, the rescue unit's new-found skills were called into use. A booby-trapped car had exploded in the yard of the same Israeli military headquarters, killing 29, wounding 31. This time, however, Israel had a rescue machine to cope with the disaster.
The rescue unit soon became one of the army's more popular reserve units. Senior engineers and technicians try to pull strings to do their annual reserve service in the rescue unit.
The unit accumulated most of its professional experience during the 1991 Gulf War, when Iraqi Scud missiles hit Israeli population centers. Only one person died in those attacks, but the rescue unit was there, with its yellow helmets and sniffing dogs - ready to save people from the ruins.
Word of this special Israeli expertise has spread - and the unit has been called into action around the world. The Israelis were involved in the rescue of wounded in earthquakes in Mexico in September 1985, and in Armenia in December 1988. They assisted in the rescue operation after the bombing of the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires in 1992.
"I was there in Buenos Aires," recalled reserve Maj. Shaul Nevo, who served in the unit during the Gulf War. "We knew that there was little chance to find survivors; our main job was to detect bodies."
As the Israeli newspaper Ma'ariv said in an editorial Aug. 10, "In operations like this in remote countries, the legend of the IDF is still in effect."
Rescue work in Nairobi continued throughout the week. The Israelis, working side by side with the French, were busy clearing the rubble that remained from the bombed office building that used to stand opposite the American Embassy building in Nairobi. The blast left more than 200 dead and more than 5,000 injured.
"We are not better than others," said Rappaport, the founding father of the rescue unit. "It's just that when we are there, we do not waste any time, we simply go straight to work."
Rappaport did not travel to Nairobi - at the age of 70, he is now retired. Like other Israelis, the member of Kibbutz Beit Alfa has been watching the rescuers on television.
"In a way, I was there. I was so proud of them," he said.
Gil Sedan writes from Jerusalem.
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